11 research outputs found

    Uncountable realtime probabilistic classes

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    We investigate the minimum cases for realtime probabilistic machines that can define uncountably many languages with bounded error. We show that logarithmic space is enough for realtime PTMs on unary languages. On binary case, we follow the same result for double logarithmic space, which is tight. When replacing the worktape with some limited memories, we can follow uncountable results on unary languages for two counters.Comment: 12 pages. Accepted to DCFS201

    The minimal probabilistic and quantum finite automata recognizing uncountably many languages with fixed cutpoints

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    It is known that 2-state binary and 3-state unary probabilistic finite automata and 2-state unary quantum finite automata recognize uncountably many languages with cutpoints. These results have been obtained by associating each recognized language with a cutpoint and then by using the fact that there are uncountably many cutpoints. In this note, we prove the same results for fixed cutpoints: each recognized language is associated with an automaton (i.e., algorithm), and the proofs use the fact that there are uncountably many automata. For each case, we present a new construction.Comment: 12 pages, minor revisions, changing the format to "dmtcs-episciences" styl

    Possibilities of ultrametric finite automata

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    MaÄ£istra darbā tiek pētÄ«ti ultrametriski galÄ«gi automāti un to iespējas. Ultrametriski automāti ir lÄ«dzÄ«gi varbÅ«tiskiem automātiem, tikai varbÅ«tÄ«bu vietā tiek izmantotas amplitÅ«das, kas ir p-adiski skaitļi. Pēdējos divos gados tika veikti dažādi pētÄ«jumi, kuros piedalÄ«jās arÄ« darba autors, par ultrametrisku algoritmu izmantoÅ”anas iespējām, ieskaitot to izmantoÅ”anu galÄ«gajos automātos. Darbā tiek izpētÄ«tas dažādu ultrametrisku galÄ«gu automātu tipu iespējas, salÄ«dzinot tos ar citiem automātu tipiem. MaÄ£istra darbā tiek salÄ«dzinātas dažādi definētu ultrametrisku galÄ«gu automātu valodu atpazÄ«Å”anas iespējas. Ultrametriski galÄ«gi automāti darbā tiek salÄ«dzināti arÄ« ar dažādu sarežģītÄ«bu determinētām, nedeterminētām un varbÅ«tiskām TjÅ«ringa maŔīnām.The masterā€™s work ā€žPossibilities of ultrametric finite automataā€ explores ultrametric finite automata and their possibilities. Ultrametric automata are similar to probabilistic automata, but instead of probabilities, they use amplitudes, which are p-adic numbers. In the last two years, the author participated in researches about possibilities of use of ultrametric algorithms, including their use in finite automata. The work explores possibilities of different types of ultrametric finite automata comparing them with other types of automata. In the masterā€™s work possibilities of differently defined ultrametric automata to recognize languages are compared. Ultrametric finite automata are also compared with deterministic, nondeterministic and probabilistic Turing machines of different complexities

    Multiplayer web-based RPG game

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    ā€žDaudzlietotāju tÄ«mekļa RPG spēleā€ ā€“ cīņu spēles portāls, kas izstrādāts cilvēkiem, kam patÄ«k spēlēt un sazināties ar citiem cilvēkiem, kādu laiku atrodoties mākslÄ«gā pasaulē. Tā ir laba iespēja attÄ«stÄ«t savu stratēģisko domāŔanu un fantāziju un atrast jaunus draugus. Moderatoriem ir iespēja kontrolēt kārtÄ«bu portālā un veidot jaunus ieročus un bruņu. Savukārt administrators var pārvaldÄ«t moderatorus un spēlētājus. Spēles uzbÅ«ve ļauj projektam augt, bet lietotāja saskarne paredzēta ērtai un intuitÄ«vai pārvietoÅ”anai pa projekta sadaļām un patÄ«kamām cīņas procesam.ā€žMultiplayer web-based RPG gameā€ - the fight game portal, designed for people who love to play and communicate with other people, spending some time in an artificial world. It is a good opportunity to develop strategic thinking and imagination and make new friends. Moderators have the opportunity to monitor the discipline on the site and build new weapons and armor. The administrator can manage the moderators and players. Game engine allows the project to grow, but the user interface provides easy and intuitive navigation through the project sections and enjoyable fight process

    Varbūtiskās skaitļoŔanas un pārbaudes pārākums pār Tjūringa maŔīnām

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    MÅ«su mērÄ·is ir izpētÄ«t dažādus ierobežotas kļūdas varbÅ«tiskus modeļus, kas spēj definēt nesanumurējami daudz valodu. Mēs sākam ar stingrāko nosacÄ«jumu - sākumā apskatām minimālus modeļus, kas var atpazÄ«t visas valodas. Mēs apskatām varbÅ«tiskas TjÅ«ringa maŔīnas, varbÅ«tiskus automātus ar skaitÄ«tājiem un varbÅ«tiskus galÄ«gus automātus ar dažādiem ierobežojumiem uz ievadgalviņu. Mēs apskatām arÄ« konstantas telpas pārbaudÄ«tājus (verifiers), kas mijiedarbojas ar vienu un diviem pierādÄ«tājiem (provers) un pārbauda (verify) visas valodas. Pēc tam mēs pieminētajos modeļos apskatām nesanumurējami daudzu valodu atpazÄ«Å”anu un pārbaudi ar ierobežotu kļūdu. Mēs pierādām arÄ« jaunus rezultātus par kvantu automātu modeļiem un ultrametriskiem galÄ«giem automātiem (kuri izmanto p-adiskus skaitļus kā amplitÅ«das), kas atpazÄ«st nesanumurējami daudz valodu.Our aim is to investigate different bounded-error probabilistic models that can define uncountably many languages. We begin with stronger condition - we first consider minimal models that can recognize all languages. We consider probabilistic Turing machines, probabilistic counter automata, and probabilistic finite state automata with various restrictions on the input head. We also consider constant-space verifiers that interact with one and two provers and verify all languages. After that we consider the recognition and verification of uncountably many languages with bounded error for these models. We also present new results for quantum automata models and ultrametric finite automata (which use p-adic numbers as amplitudes) that recognize uncountably many languages

    Ultrametric algorithms for various types of automata

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    Bakalaura darbā tiek apskatÄ«ti p-adiski skaitļi un to izmantoÅ”ana automātos par parametriem, kas ļauj veidot ultrametriskus automātus. Ultrametriski automāti ir lÄ«dzÄ«gi varbÅ«tiskiem automātiem, tikai varbÅ«tÄ«bu vietā tiek izmantotas amplitÅ«das, kas ir p-adiski skaitļi. Darbā tiek apskatÄ«tas ultrametrisku algoritmu izmantoÅ”anas iespējas atpazÄ«stamo valodu klases paplaÅ”ināŔanai, nepiecieÅ”amo stāvokļu skaita samazināŔanai un sarežģītÄ«bas samazināŔanai. Tiek apskatÄ«ti ultrametriski algoritmi galÄ«giem vienvirziena un divvirzienu automātiem, automātiem ar magazÄ«nas atmiņu, automātiem ar vairākām galviņām un TjÅ«ringa maŔīnām. Darbā ir parādÄ«ts, ka determinētas TjÅ«ringa maŔīnas uzdevumus var reducēt uz ultrametriskiem galÄ«giem automātiem, kā arÄ« pierādÄ«tas vairākas teorēmas par dažādiem automātu tipiem.The bachelor work explores p-adic numbers and their usage in automata as parameters. The use of p-adic numbers allows to make ultrametric automata. Ultrametric automata is similar to probabilistic automata, except that p-adic numbers ā€“ amplitudes are being used instead of probabilities. The work explores the abilities of ultrametric algorithms in the expansion of recognizable languages and reduction of the state count and complexity. Ultrametric algorithms for one-way and two-way automata, pushdown automata, multi-head automata and Turing machines are explored. The work shows that tasks for deterministic Turing machine may be reduced to ultrametric finite automata. Several theorems about various types of automata are proven

    Uncountable classical and quantum complexity classes

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    It is known that poly-time constant-space quantum Turing machines (QTMs) and logarithmic-space probabilistic Turing machines (PTMs) recognize uncountably many languages with bounded error (A.C. Cem Say and A. Yakaryılmaz, Magic coins are useful for small-space quantum machines. Quant. Inf. Comput. 17 (2017) 1027ā€“1043). In this paper, we investigate more restricted cases for both models to recognize uncountably many languages with bounded error. We show that double logarithmic space is enough for PTMs on unary languages in sweeping reading mode or logarithmic space for one-way head. On unary languages, for quantum models, we obtain middle logarithmic space for counter machines. For binary languages, arbitrary small non-constant space is enough for PTMs even using only counter as memory. For counter machines, when restricted to polynomial time, we can obtain the same result for linear space. For constant-space QTMs, we obtain the result for a restricted sweeping head, known as restarting realtime
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